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No Castes in Mauryan Era Before Caste Hardened From Fluid Identities to Fixed Hierarchies

Ashoka's edicts (c. 250 BCE) make no mention of Brahmins as we know them today. When he uses terms like "Brahmana-Shramana," he refers to...

Religious Demography in Odisha & India: A Five Decade Statistical Perspective (1961-2011)

India’s demographic landscape is distinguished by its religious diversity, systematically documented through decennial censuses. Religion, as a core socio-cultural attribute, has been consistently recorded...

Tribal Identity and The 1951 Census in Odisha

India’s tribal communities is not merely a sociological category; it is a long historical narrative shaped by language, geography, governance and identity. Today, the...

The Brave Mariners of Kalinga

Much before Portuguese or the British East India Company transformed the Indian Ocean into a colonial highway through movement of goods in ships, the...

Ranipur Jharial Yogini Pitha: Odisha’s Profound Tantric & Intellectual Legacy

In the stony expanse of Balangir’s Bangomunda block, Ranipur-Jharial preserves one of Odisha’s most significant contributions to India’s religious and architectural history: the Chausatha...

Maraguda Civilisation of Odisha

In the heart of western Odisha, cradled by the rolling foothills of the Sunabeda Plateau and nourished by the waters of the Jonk River,...

The Mad One

Ninety years of Odisha. The countdown to a century has already begun. A land that carries the weight of three thousand years of luminous...

Census of India, 1931 (Bihar & Orissa): Counting People, Shaping Provinces

The Census of India has always been more than a mere counting of people. It is an exercise that reflects the pulse of a...

Sreeram Chandra Dhal – An Unsung Hero of the Masses

The total budget expenditure of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj for the 2022-23 financial year was ₹868.57 crores. Perhaps for this reason, the election...

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